HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)/
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

What is it?

• HIV is a blood borne virus that can eventually lead to AIDS
• Over time, HIV affects a person’s immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections and disease
• AIDS refers to when the body’s immune system has been damaged by HIV, and has difficulty fighting infection

 How do I get it?

• HIV is passed on by unprotected oral, anal and vaginal sex. It is transmitted when the blood, semen or vaginal fluids of an infected person, enters the body of an uninfected person
• HIV is also passed on by sharing needles that contain contaminated blood
• HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, during a vaginal birth and whilst breastfeeding
• HIV can be passed on by blood transfusions and donated blood products. (The risk of getting HIV from a blood transfusion/blood products is very low in Australia, because all donations are HIV screened)

 How do I know if I have it?

• HIV can only be detected through a blood test, which you can get at your local GP or sexual health clinic

 What do I do if I suspect I have it?

• Visit your local GP or sexual health clinic for a blood test
• It can take up to three months (i.e., ‘Window period) for HIV to be detected in the blood. This means that there is a three month waiting period until you can be sure that you do not have HIV
• There is currently no cure for HIV/ AIDS. There are antiviral treatments that may keep the virus under control for a long period

 If you suspect that you or your partner/s may have been exposed to HIV, it is important that you and your partner/s seek treatment and advice immediately. Undiagnosed and untreated HIV can lead to illness and death.

 How can I protect myself?

• Use condoms and Dams EVERY TIME you engage in sexual activity!
• Do not share razors or toothbrushes
• Do not share needles
• Wear gloves if you are cleaning up blood spills

FAQ on HIV